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In a situation where there are many concerns about the safety of those who have recovered from Corona, the results of a study show that immunity against Covid-19 can last for years. This news can complement the positive news of corona vaccines that has been published in the media in recent days. Pfizer has announced the new results of its tests, which show that the effectiveness of the company’s vaccine has improved. According to the latest information, the effectiveness of the Pfizer and Biontech joint corona vaccine has been declared to be 95%. The New York Times also reported on Pfizer’s emergency approval request to the US Food and Drug Administration. With the awareness of the high stability of immunity against Corona, hopes for the effectiveness of vaccines have also increased. If the immunity against corona lasts long-term, the need for repeated injections of vaccine doses will be reduced. Also, the green light of the Food Organization for the first rapid home test of Corona has been one of the other promising news of these pandemic days.

Durability of safety

The results of new research show that immunity to the corona virus may last for years. In a situation where it is not yet known what will happen to vaccination, the long-term safety news can be promising. 8 months after the start of the pandemic, most people who have recovered from the corona virus have enough immunity to fight off the virus and prevent the disease again. Fortunately, the slow decline of immune cells suggests that immunity can last for a long time, new data show. Of course, the research that shows the longevity of immunity has been published online and has not yet been published in scientific journals. But despite this, it has been the most comprehensive and largest study on the duration of immunity in the body of recovered patients to date.

Increasing hope for vaccines

The findings are likely to be promising for pharmaceutical experts who were concerned that immunity to the virus may be short-lived. Researchers in the field of medicine thought that to control the virus, vaccination should be repeated at short intervals. But now if the obtained results are correct, the vaccine will have longer effects and the need for vaccine doses in specific time intervals will be less than it seemed. These researches are consistent with other results that have been announced recently. According to these results, the survivors of Sars disease (which was one of the other viruses of the corona family) are still immune 17 years after recovery. The results of the corona safety research are also consistent with encouraging evidence obtained in other laboratories. Researchers at the University of Washington have previously found that some immune memory cells that were created after contracting the corona virus remain in the recovered person’s body for at least three months. In another study published last week, it was also shown that people who have recovered from Covid-19 – even in cases where antibodies have not been detected in the body – still have strong immune cells and protection against corona. All of these studies generally paint the same picture: If the first few weeks go well, the course of the disease will likely be quite normal after that.

Low probability of re-infection

In new studies, a small number of infected people did not have long-term immunity after recovery. This issue is probably related to the different amount of virus that they encountered. But researchers say vaccines can overcome these individual differences and provide long-term immunity in everyone. In such a way that people’s reaction to the vaccine does not have the heterogeneity seen in infected people.

In recent months, reports of a decrease in the level of antibodies in the body of infected people have raised many concerns. People think that immunity to the virus may disappear within a few months and people will be at risk of the virus again. But many immunologists say that the decrease in the level of antibodies in the body is normal. In addition to this, antibodies are only one arm and force of the body’s immune system. Although the antibody in the blood is effective to prevent re-infection, generally the responsibility of the body’s immune cells to create a barrier against the disease is stronger. Most of the time, when people are infected with the virus for the second time, the immune system of the body identifies the invader and quickly eliminates the infection. Especially in the case of the corona virus, which starts to damage slowly and gives a lot of time for the immune system to fight.

In a research, experiments were conducted on 185 men and women aged 19 to 81 who had recovered from Corona. Most of these people had mild symptoms at the time of illness and did not need to be hospitalized. Some participants donated blood only once; But 38 people provided several samples to the researchers. The research team examined a picture of the immune system’s response over time. The researchers found that the antibodies are durable; Although they face a slight decrease after 6 or 8 months and its levels are different in people. This is the first time that the body’s immune response to a virus has been examined and scrutinized in such detail. The unique point of this research is the absence of any background and previous experience. For the first time, detailed information is obtained about the movement and reaction process of the immune system.

Powerful dual cells

Concerns about the duration of immunity from the corona virus have intensified mainly due to the viruses that cause the common cold. An often-cited study from Columbia University found that immunity can quickly fade and a person can be reinfected with the virus within a year. But the lead author of the Columbia University research team on the new findings says it’s encouraging to see evidence of this kind of sustained and robust response to the virus over this time period.

The exact degree of safety continuity is difficult to predict. Scientists do not yet know what levels of different immune cells are needed to protect against the virus. But studies so far suggest that even small amounts of antibodies, or two specific types of immune cells (B and T), are enough to protect those who have once recovered from the disease. People who participated in the new immune system research had high levels of B and T immune cells. Also, the researchers have stated that the sharp reduction of the cells whose memory helps to fight against the virus that was already present in the body has not been seen in the observations. Researchers believe that the destruction of these immune defense cells occurs over years and slowly.

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